New Native Texas Taxa: Range Extension Into Texas

These are species with their primary geographic range outside of Texas, recently discovered within the state boundary.

Apocynaceae
* Telosiphonia brachysiphon (Torr.) Henrickson
Henrickson, J. 1996. Studies in Macrosiphonia (Apocynaceae): generic recognition of Telosiphonia. Aliso 14:179-195.
El Paso Co.

Asteraceae
* Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth.
Nesom, G.L. and R.J. O’Kennon. 2002. New vascular plant records for Texas. Sida 20:435-436.
Brewster Co., Hale Co.

* Arida blephariphylla (A. Gray) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartman
Nesom, G.L., L.A. Vorobik, and R.L. Hartman. 1990. The identity of Aster blepharophyllus A. Gray (Asteraceae: Astereae). Syst. Bot. 15:638–642.
Presidio Co., where discovered in 2001 by Charmaine Delmatier. It grows in small gypseous canyons with permanent streams, at 1400–1500 m -- the same canyons as Arida mattturneri and Centaurium blumbergianum. The species previously was known only from the type locality in southwestern New Mexico, where now appararently extinct, and from one other site – an area of gypseous hot springs near Chihuahua City in Edo. Chihuahua, Mexico. Originally described as Aster blepharophyllus A. Gray then transferred to Machaeranthera as M. gypsitherma Nesom, Vorobik, & Hartman (not M. blephariphylla (A. Gray) Shinners), then to Arida (Sida. 20:1413. 2003).

Baccharis sarothroides Gray
Worthington, R.D. 1990. Additions to the flora of Texas from El Paso County. Sida 14:135-137.
El Paso Co. "This species has apparently been recently seeded into the area along roadways where isolated plants are infrequently encountered. The species is also occasionally used as an ornamental in desert landscaping in El Paso."

* Bidens alba var. radiata (Schultz-Bip.) Ballard ex T.E. Melchert
Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444.
Cameron Co., Chambers Co., Harris Co., Montgomery Co.

* Chromolaena bigelovii (Gray) King & Robinson
Nesom, G.L. and B.L. Turner. 2006. New distribution records for Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) in the United States. Sida 22:1249–1253.
Brewster Co., Uvalde Co.

* Eupatorium album L.
Singhurst, J.R., K.M. Fleming, and W.C. Holmes. 1998. Eupatorium album L. (Compositae): new to Texas. Phytologia 85:96-98.
Anderson Co.

* Eupatorium semiserratum DC.
Brown, L.E., E.L. Keith, D.J. Rosen, and J. Liggio. 2007. Notes of the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. III. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:1255-1264.
Austin Co., Chambers Co., Hardin Co., Harris Co., Liberty Co., Newton Co., Tyler Co. Treated by Correll & Johnston (1970) as a synonym of E. glaucescens. Siripum and Shilling (FNA, 2006) included E. semiserratum but indicated that it reached westward only as far as Louisiana; they treated E. glaucescens (as E. linearifolium Walter) distinct from E. semiserratum.

Filago californica Nutt.
Worthington, R.D. 1990. Additions to the flora of Texas from El Paso County. Sida 14:135-137.
El Paso Co.

* Hymenoxys texana (Coult. & Rose) Cockerell
Brown, L.E., E.L. Keith, D.J. Rosen, and J. Liggio. 2007. Notes of the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. III. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:1255-1264.
Trinity Co., an extension from other known localities of this rare endemic in Harris and Fort Bend cos. A summary of collection history is provided.

* Lactuca graminifolia L.
Brown, L.E., E.L. Keith, D.J. Rosen, and J. Liggio. 2007. Notes of the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. III. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:1255-1264.
Angelina Co. Previously known in Texas only from the trans-Pecos region.

* Lactuca intybacea Jacq. ( = Launea intybacea (Jacq.) Beauv.)
Brown, L.E. 1996. Krapovickasia physaloides (Malvaceae) and Lactuca intybacea (Asteraceae) new to Texas and the United States. Sida 17:291–294.
Starr Co., from Mexico and Central America.

* Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Holmes, W. C., R. D. Thomas, & B. Lipscomb. 1992. First report of Mikania cordifolia in Texas. Sida 15: 163-164.
Newton Co. Noted or speculated in some previous literature to occur in Texas, but first documented only here. Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana, from wide distribution in South America and Central America.

* Plateilema palmeri (A. Gray) Cockerell
Turner, B.L. 2000. Plateilema (Asteraceae: Helenieae) a new generic report for the United States. Sida 19:185-187.
Brewster Co. (roadsides, open areas over limestone; flowering April) southward through its larger ranger in central Coahuila to southern Nuevo Leon, Mexico.

* Pseudognaphalium jaliscense (Greenm.) Anderb.
Nesom, G.L. 2001. New records in Pseudognaphalium (Gnaphalieae: Asteraceae) for the United States. Sida 19:1185-1190.
Brewster Co., Jeff Davis Co.

Stylocline micropoides Gray
Worthington, R.D. 1990. Additions to the flora of Texas from El Paso County. Sida 14:135-137.
El Paso Co. “This species has long been suspected to be a part of the Texas flora as the type locality, 'hills near Frontera , New Mexico,' might be on the Texas side of the Rio Grande.”

* Symphyotrichum laeve var. purpuratum (Nees) Nesom
Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444.
Polk Co., Tyler Co.

* Verbesina walteri Shinners
Singhurst, J.R. and W.C. Holmes. 2000. Dipsacus fullonum (Dipsacaceae) and Verbesina walteri (Asteraceae), new to Texas. Sida 19:723-725.
Newton Co.

Cactaceae
* Pereskia aculeata P. Miller.
Ideker, J. 1996. Pereskia aculeata (Cactaceae), in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Sida 17:527–528.
Willacy Co. Apparently native, at the northernmost tip of the species range. This climbing cactus is native to South America, the West Indies, and eastern Mexico; naturalized in Florida from escaped plantings.

Calycanthaceae
* Calycanthus floridus L. var. glaucus (Willd.) Torrey & Gray
Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444.
Newton Co. “We are uncertain of their native status here; however, they are well established and naturalized subshrubs and should be considered a member of the Texas flora.”

Caprifoliaceae
* Triosteum perfoliatum L.
Holmes, W.C., K.M. Fleming, R. & R. Loper, and J.R. Singhurst. 1999. Triosteum (Caprifoliaceae) in Texas. Sida:18:931-933.
Anderson Co.

Caryophyllaceae
* Cerastium pumilum Curtis
Rabeler, R.K. and A.A. Reznicek. 1997. Cerastium pumilum and Stellaria pallida (Caryophyllaceae) new to Texas. Sida:17:843–845.
Native to the eastern USA but probably recently adventive in Texas: Kaufman Co.

* Geocarpon mininum MacKenzie
Keith, E.L. and J.R. Singhurst. 2004. Geocarpon mininum (Caryophyllaceae), new to Texas. Sida 21:1165-1169.
Anderson Co.

* Silene virginica L.
Singhurst, J.R., M. White, and W.C.Holmes. 2002. Noteworthy collections: Texas. Vicia grandiflora (Fabaceae), Iris fulva (Iridaceae), and Silene virginica (Caryophyllaceae). Castanea 67:213-216.
Cass Co.

* Stellaria pallida (Dumort.) Crép.
Rabeler, R.K. and A.A. Reznicek. 1997. Cerastium pumilum and Stellaria pallida (Caryophyllaceae) new to Texas. Sida:17:843–845.
Native to the eastern USA but probably recently adventive in Texas: Hopkins Co.

Cistaceae
* Lechea minor L.
Brown, L.E., E.L. Keith, D.J. Rosen, and J. Liggio. 2007. Notes of the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. III. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:1255-1264.
Hardin Co.

Cyperaceae
* Eleocharis mutata (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Rosen, D.J. and S.D. Jones. 2004. Eleocharis mutata (Cyperaceae) new to the flora of North America north of Mexico. Sida 21:1153-1160.
Brazoria Co.

* Rhynchospora capillacea Torrey
Jones, S.D. and G.D. Jones. 1990. Rhynchospora capillacea (Cyperaceae), new to Texas. Sida 14:134-135.
Kerr Co.

* Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) Galen Smith
O'Kennon, R.J. and C. McLemore. 2004. Schoenoplectus hallii (Cyperaceae), a globally threatened species new for Texas. Sida 21:1201-1204. McKenzie, P.M., S. Galen Smith, and M. Smith. 2007. Status of Schoenoplectus hallii (Hall’s bulrush) (Cyperaceae) in the United States. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:457-481.
Wise Co., along the moist sandy-clay margins of small ponds in the LBJ National Grasslands.

Ericaceae
* Lyonia lucida (Lam.) K. Koch
Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444.
Newton Co.

Fagaceae
* Quercus arkansana Sarg.
Hunt, D.M., MacRoberts, M.H. and B.R. MacRoberts. 1995. The status of Quercus arkansana Sarg. (Fagaceae) in Texas. Phytologia 79:22-24. Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444.
First reported from Cass Co.; 2002 additions from Hardin Co. (without voucher citation), Jasper Co.

Iridaceae
* Iris fulva Ker Gawler Red Flag
Singhurst, J.R., M. White, and W.C.Holmes. 2002. Noteworthy collections: Texas. Vicia grandiflora (Fabaceae), Iris fulva (Iridaceae), and Silene virginica (Caryophyllaceae). Castanea 67:213-216.
Sabine Co. Reported to occur in Texas in various earlier literature, but apparently first documented here.

Isoetaceae
* Isoetes piedmontana (N. Pfeiff.) C.F. Reed
Holmes, W.C., A.E. Rushing, and J.R. Singhurst. 2005. Taxonomy and identification of Isoetes (Isoetaceae) in Texas based on megaspore features. Lundellia 8:1-6.
Llano Co., Mason Co., in shallow depressions and temporary pools on granite outcrops, disjunct in Texas from Alabama-to-Virginia range.

Juncaginaceae
* Triglochin maritima L.
Turner, B.L. and M.W. Turner. 2003. Triglochin concinna (Juncaginaceae), a new family, genus, and species for Texas. Sida 20:1721-1722.
Presidio Co. Reported as Triglochin concinna var. debilis (M.E. Jones) J.T. Howell.

Lamiaceae
*Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth.
Holmes, W.C. and J.R. Singhurst. 2005. The status of Blephilia (Lamiaceae) in Texas. Phytologia 87:118-123.
A Texas collection by Charles Wright (GH), perhaps from Angelina, Newton, Jasper, or Tyler cos. Sometimes previously included for Texas flora, but without documentation. Reports of Blephilia ciliata in Texaas have been based on misidentified Monarda clinopodioides.

* Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt.
Singhurst, J.R. and W.C. Holmes. 2004. Comments on the rediscovery and distribution of Cunila origanoides (Lamiaceae) in Texas. Sida 21:1161-1163.
Confirms occurrence in Texas: Kaufman Co., Lamar Co.

Liliaceae
* Trillium ludovicianum Harbison
Singhurst J.R., E.S. Nixon, W.F. Caldwell, and W.C. Holmes. 2002. The genus Trillium (Liliaceae) in Texas. Castanea 67:316-323.
Jasper Co., Newton Co., Tyler Co.

* Uvularia sessilifolia L.
Singhurst, J.R., W.F. Carr, W. Ledbetter, & W.C. Holmes. 2003. Uvularia (Liliaceae) in Texas. Sida 20: 1713-1716.
Cass Co., Jasper Co., Newton Co. An earlier indication (Utech & Kawano 2002, FNA) that the species occurs in northeastern Texas apparently was based on misidentifications of immature Polygonatum biflorum.

Lycopodiaceae
* Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasc. & Franco
Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasconcellos & Franco (Lycopodiaceae) new to Texas. Phytologia 78:402-403.
Jasper Co.

Lythraceae
* Lythrum lineare L.
Brown, L.E. and I.S. Elsik. 2002. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. II. Sida 20:437–444. Graham, S.A. 1964. The genera of Lythraceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arb. 45:235–250.
Chambers Co. Noted in 1964 to occur in Texas, but without documentation.

Malvaceae
* Krapovickasia physaloides (Presl) Fryxell
Brown, L.E. 1996. Krapovickasia physaloides (Malvaceae) and Lactuca intybacea (Asteraceae) new to Texas and the United States. Sida 17:291–294.
Karnes Co., from native Mexican distribution.

Orchidaceae
* Malaxis wendtii Salazar
Todson, T.K. Malaxis wendtii (Orchidaceae) in the United States. Sida 16:591–592. 1995.
Originally described from Sierra del Carmen and Serranias del Burro in northwestern Coahuila (Salazar, G. 1993. Orquidea 13:281–284.) and quickly found by Todsen to extend into adjacent Texas (Chisos Mts. of Big Bend Natl. Park, Brewster Co.) as well as to New Mexico (Catron Co., Grant Co., Lincoln Co., Los Alamos Co., Otero Co.) and Arizona (Apache Co., Cochise Co., Pima Co., Santa Cruz Co.).

* Platanthera flava (L.) Lindl.) var. herbiola (R. Brown) Luer
Brown, P.M. 2007. Notes on Texas orchids (Orchidaceae). J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1(2):1265 – 1268. 2007.
Sabine Co. Brown notes that it was “first found by Sandi Pelchat in 2002 in Sabine County was documented as a new variety for Texas (Pelchat, pers. comm.).”

Poaceae
*Ctenium aromaticum (Walter) Alph. Wood
Singhurst, J.R., E.L. Keith, and W.C. Holmes. 2005. Three species of vascular plants new to Texas. Phytologia 87:124-128.
Newton Co.

* Saccharum (Erianthus) coarctatum (Fern.) R. Webster
Brown, L.E. and S.J. Marcus. 1998. Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. Sida:18:315-324.
Liberty Co., Tyler Co.

* Sporobolus coahuilensis Valdez
Turner, B.L. 2004. Sporobolus coahuilensis (Poaceae): a new record for the U.S.A. Trans-Pecos Texas. Sida 21:455-458.
Brewster Co., Hudspeth Co.

Ranunculaceae
* Enemion biternatum Raf.
Singhurst, J.R., J.W. Smith Jr., and W.C. Holmes. 1998. Enemion biternatum Raf. (Ranunculaceae) in Texas. Phytologia 85:130-133.   (synonym = Isopyrum biternatum (Raf.) Torrey & Gray)
Red River Co.

* Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & Boivin
Singhurst, J.R. and W.C. Holmes. 1998. Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & Boivin (Ranunculaceae): new to Texas. Phytologia 85:273-275.
Lamar Co., Red River Co.

Rubiaceae
* Houstonia longifolia Gaertn.
Singhurst, J.R. and W.C. Holmes. 2001. Houstonia longifolia (Rubiaceae): newly documented for the flora of Texas. Sida 19:1183-1184.
Red River Co.

Saxifragaceae
* Decumaria barbara L.
Singhurst, J.R., E.L. Keith, and W.C. Holmes. 2005. Three species of vascular plants new to Texas. Phytologia 87:124-128.
Newton Co.

Scrophulariaceae
* Agalinis harperi Pennell
Keith, E.L. and J. Hays. 2003. Notes on two species of Agalinis (Scrophulariaceae) including Agalinis harperi, new to Texas. Sida 20:1321-1322.
Newton Co.

* Capraria mexicana Moric. ex Benth.
Ideker, J. 1996. Capraria mexicana (Scrophulariaceae), an endangered addition to the United States flora. Sida 17:523–526. Richardson, A. and K. King. 2006. Capraria mexicana (Scrophulariaceae) in Cameron County, Texas: rediscovered in the United States. Sida 22:1237-1238.
First discovered by Ideker in Falcon State Recreation Area in Starr Co. A shrub native to eastern and southern Mexico; reported from Cameron Co. in 2006.

* Seymeria falcata B.L. Turner
Fenstermacher, J. 2006. Seymeria falcata (Scrophulariaceae), a new record for Texas and the United States. Sida 22:811-812.
Brewster Co., northward extension from Mexico.

* Stemodia coahuilensis (Henrickson) B.L. Turner
Turner, B.L. 2005. Stemodia coahuilensis (Scrophulariaceae), a new record for the United States. Sida 21:1935.
Jeff Davis Co., Presidio Co.